Steve Denning: Millions Of Managers Are Becoming Obsolete—By Solving The Wrong Problem. Two months ago, Harvard Business School professor Amy C. Edmondson and associate professor Michaela J. Kerrissey wrote an eloquent article in the May-June issue of Harvard Business Review., “What People Get Wrong About Psychological Safety.” (more)

Organization development (OD) is the study and implementation of practices, systems, and techniques that affect organizational change. The goal of which is to modify a group's/organization's performance and/or culture. The organizational changes are typically initiated by the group's stakeholders. OD emerged from human relations studies in the 1930s, during which psychologists realized that organizational structures and processes influence worker behavior and motivation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_development

Chris Argyris (pronounced AHR-JUR-ris) (July 16, 1923 – November 16, 2013[2]) was an American business theorist and professor at Yale School of Management and Harvard Business School. Argyris, like Richard Beckhard, Edgar Schein and Warren Bennis, is known as a pioneer of organizational development,[3] and known for seminal work on learning organizations. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Argyris

Cyc (pronounced /ˈsaɪk/ SYKE) is a long-term artificial intelligence (AI) project that aims to assemble a comprehensive ontology and knowledge base that spans the basic concepts and rules about how the world works. Hoping to capture common sense knowledge, Cyc focuses on implicit knowledge. The project began in July 1984 at MCC and was developed later by the Cycorp company... By 2002, Cyc was described as having "consumed $60 million and 600 person-years of effort from programmers, philosophers and others—collectively known as Cyclists—who have been codifying what Lenat calls 'consensus reality' and entering it into a massive database... The knowledge base is divided into microtheories. Unlike the knowledge base as a whole, each microtheory must be free from monotonic contradictions. Each microtheory is a first-class object in the Cyc ontology; it has a name that is a regular constant. The concept names in Cyc are CycL terms or constants... An inference engine is a computer program that tries to derive answers from a knowledge base. The Cyc inference engine performs general logical deduction.[9] It also performs inductive reasoning, statistical machine learning and symbolic machine learning, and abductive reasoning... A Semantic Web version of OpenCyc was available starting in 2008, but ending sometime after 2016... The Cyc project has been described as "one of the most controversial endeavors of the artificial intelligence history".[26] Catherine Havasi, CEO of Luminoso, says that Cyc is the predecessor project to IBM Watson.[27] Machine-learning scientist Pedro Domingos refers to the project as a "catastrophic failure" for the unending amount of data required to produce any viable results and the inability for Cyc to evolve on its own. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyc (more)

The Cynefin framework (/kəˈnɛvɪn/ kuh-NEV-in)[1] is a conceptual framework used to aid decision-making.[2] Created in 1999 by Dave Snowden when he worked for IBM Global Services, it has been described as a "sense-making device".[3][4] Cynefin is a Welsh word for habitat.[5] Cynefin offers five decision-making contexts or "domains"—'clear' (known as 'simple' until 2014, then 'obvious' until being recently renamed),[6] 'complicated', 'complex', 'chaotic', and 'confusion'—that help managers to identify how they perceive situations and make sense of their own and other people's behaviour.[a] The framework draws on research into systems theory, complexity theory, network theory and learning theorys.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynefin (more)

Integrative thinking is a field which was originated by Graham Douglas in 1986.[1][2][3] He describes Integrative Thinking as the process of integrating intuition, reason and imagination in a human mind with the objective of developing a holistic continuum of strategy, tactics, action, review and evaluation. Integrative Thinking may be learned by applying the SOARA (Satisfying, Optimum, Achievable Results Ahead) Process devised by Graham Douglas to any problem. The SOARA Process employs a set of triggers of internal and external knowledge. This facilitates associations between what may have been regarded as unrelated parts of a problem... Integrative thinking is a discipline and methodology for solving complex or wicked problems. That theory was originally created by Roger Martin... Integrative Thinking is influenced by and connected to a number of intellectual traditions. Most notably, it is influenced by the pragmatism of Charles S. Peirce and his notion of abductive reasoning, the falsificationism (Falsifiability) of Karl Popper and the management theories of Chris Argyris and James March. It is also related to the work of Thomas Kuhn, Imre Lakatos, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein and others. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_thinking cf systems thinking?

Roger Martin: The Five Deadliest Strategy Myths. I started out trying to order them from most to least damaging, but in the end, it is hard to make a case that one is definitively deadlier than the next. I would encourage you to take them collectively as the five myths you should reject and should not let control your life or that of your company. (Business Strategy) (more)

What's Your Problem?: To Solve Your Toughest Problems, Change the Problems You Solve by Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg, ISBN:633697223 - problem solving via re-framing (more)

Itamar Gilad: Embracing Uncertainty: A Modern Take On Strategy, Goals, and Roadmaps. We all strive for certainty: if we do X, Y will happen. Certainty is comforting; it allows us to operate without fear, doubt, or having to think too much. Many of the processes your company employs, especially strategy, roadmap, and project planning, are meant to create certainty (more)

Crystal Orange Web differs from Crystal Orange in that this methodology does not deal with a single project but with a continuous stream of initiatives that require programming and with each initiative's results being merged with the growing code base being used by the public. (more)

In contrast to well-structured problems, ill-structured problems have no initial clear or spelled out goals, set of operations, end states, or constraints. In fact ISPs often times have unstated goals and constraints that must be determined by those solving the problem. ISPs present uncertainty about which concepts, rules, and principles are necessary for the solution and how these should be organized. They require learners to make judgments about the problem and to defend their judgments by expressing personal opinions or beliefs. ISPs possess multiple solutions and solution paths, or may possess no solutions at all. They offer no general rules or principles for describing or predicting the outcome of most cases and require multiple criteria for evaluating solutions. Examples of ISPs include redesigning a work process, designing a new product, or creating a new marketing strategy. https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Ill-Structured_Problems (more)

a multi-layer-iterative Product Management process of Thinking in Bets (more)

The mental practice of acknowledging the uncertainty/risk of every belief or decision or action. (more)

an atomic argument? see Nature of Truth, Disputation Arena, Claim-refactoring Service, pattern, Triple, Quad, or Quint, IBIS/Dialogue Mapping, belief, hypothesis, theory (more)

A case study is an in-depth, detailed examination of a particular case (or cases) within a real-world context.[1][2] For example, case studies in medicine may focus on an individual patient or ailment; case studies in business might cover a particular firm's strategy or a broader market; similarly, case studies in politics can range from a narrow happening over time (e.g., a specific political campaign) to an enormous undertaking (e.g., a world war). Generally, a case study can highlight nearly any individual, group, organization, event, belief system, or action. A case study does not necessarily have to be one observation (N=1), but may include many observations (one or multiple individuals and entities across multiple time periods, all within the same case study).[3][4][5][6] Research projects involving numerous cases are frequently called cross-case research, whereas a study of a single case is called within-case research. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_study (more)

newer name for Intermediate Objectives Map (more)

Causal Decision Diagram: see (more)

Uncertainty Project on Causal Decision Diagrams (CDD). (more)

Uncertainty Project: Exploring Causality and Complexity in Strategy. The idea of causality matters greatly, though, since as we apply our agency (as individuals, as organizations, and businesses) to take action, we base our choices on where we believe we can cause good things to happen. (more)

career path, often framed like a planned/straight line